Overview
Sleep apnea is a serious sleep disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. Left untreated, it can lead to high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Types include Obstructive Sleep Apnea (most common), Central Sleep Apnea, and Complex Sleep Apnea Syndrome.
Symptoms
- Loud snoring
- Episodes of stopped breathing
- Gasping for air
- Morning headache
- Excessive daytime sleepiness
- Difficulty concentrating
Diagnosis
Sleep studies (polysomnography) measure brain activity, blood oxygen, heart rate, and breathing patterns. Home sleep apnea testing is also available.Treatment
- CPAP machine (gold standard)
- Oral appliances
- Lifestyle changes (weight loss, avoid alcohol)
- Surgery (severe cases)